War on drugs in the Philippines. 2016-2017-2018 (GALLERY UNDER CONSTRUCTION)

Since the end of June 2016, the new President Rodrigo Duterte has started a war on drugs, involving all the parties from consumers to dealers. This issue has been a key point of his campaign, vowing to stamp out the problem within six months with the killing of 100,000 drug-related criminals.
In particular, the most widespread drug is Shaboo, a chemical similar to methamphetamine, the long-term abuse of which has many negative consequences, including addiction. Chronic abusers may exhibit symptoms that can include significant anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances and violent behavior.
Since June 2016 more than 12,000 filipinos have been killed by the Police and self-proclaimed groups of vigilantes, and the wave of killings shows no sign of subsiding. At night, armed squads of vigilantes go around targeting drug dealers and addicts. After having executed them, they leave on the scene a handwritten sign indicating the crime committed by the victim. There is no clear information about these groups and whether they are really linked to the Police, as some theories argue.
Many of the victims of summary killings by vigilantes and police appear to have been innocent by any definition, and none have been proved guilty in a court of law.
The Police performs two types of anti-drug operations. In the "Oplan Tokhang double barrel" (referring to the double barrel of a shotgun), the Police goes into residential areas with high crime rates to root out suspected criminals with outstanding warrants, to catch criminals in their own homes in flagrante delicto. It is in these occasions that the majority of people killed by the Police has lost their lives. Many others were killed in buy-bust operations. In the second type of operation, called "Oplan Tokhang", which in Filipino means "to approach and talk" by knocking on the personʼs door, the Police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through a net of informers, and house to house convinces them to "surrender". During these months, it is estimated that, across the country, hundreds of thousands of people have “surrendered” during this type of operation. For fear of being executed, many people are turning themselves in to the Police. Prisons are already heavily overcrowded, so as happens in security cells in Police stations, where often a high number of prisoners is clumped in a few square meters.
Despite the very high human cost of this policy, it is leading to a turning point in the war on drugs. The popularity of President Duterte is growing, as reported by statistic surveys (Pulse Asia) and diverse international media. The security for the population in the every-day life improves, according to a part of population who feels more safe in the city streets, as many shaboo addicts are considered violent and dangerous criminals. In the poorest areas of Manila though, the opinion is different: the drug policy seems to impinge especially these social strata. This is what emerged after several interviews, done in diverse parts of the city.
Extra-judicial killings and statements made by President Duterte during press conferences have determined a strong reaction in the international community, including the United Nations, with the only result of drawing angry responses from mr. Duterte, who does not show any intention to change his intents.

Makati city Manila Metro 16/11/2016_ The police and the coroner during the finding of a corpse. The body had its arms tied with duct tape behind the back and the head wrapped in a plastic sheet, bound with packaging tape. Attached to the head there is a sign saying "wag tularan holdaper, adik ini at pusher ini (barker) dili pamarisan piste amo", which means "do not imitate addicts, muggers and pushers".
On the night of November 16, 2016 eight people were found in the same condition between the cities of Pasay and Makati in Metro Manila: it was the night with the highest number of finds of this kind since the beginning of the war on drugs by the president Duterte.

Pasay city Manila metro 21/11/2016_ Burial chamber of Ericardo Medina, who was suspected of being part of the Sigue-Sigue Sputnik gang. The body was found on November 16, 2016 in Pasay City with his head wrapped in plastic tied with duct tape, and with legs and arms also tied with tape. In the same area that night were found three other bodies in the same conditions. All of them had notices close to the bodies addressing them as pushers, thieves or drug users, and bore the advice not to emulate them.

Burial of Jerold Ligalig, 32, a disabled boy killed with several gunshots from covered-face men near his home.

Camille Rizza, eight months pregnant with one of her children, Crissel, 15 months old, was portrayed shortly after the killing of her husband, Zorene Quesio, 20 years old. The man was killed in his home together with Jayson Rivera, 30 years old. About ten armed people on cars had closed the main street of the area, while two covered-face men had opened fire killing the two men in front of the woman.

Pasay city Manila Metro 16/11/2016_
The police and the coroner during the finding of a corpse. The body had the arms tied with duct tape behind its back and the head wrapped in a plastic sheet, bound with packaging tape. Attached to the head there was a sign saying "wag tularan holdaper, adik ini at pusher ini (barker) dili pamarisan piste amo", which means "do not imitate addicts, muggers and pushers". On the night of November 16, 2016 eight people were found in the same condition between the cities of Pasay and Makati in Metro Manila: it was the night with the highest number of finds of this kind since the beginning of the war on drugs by the president Duterte.

Caloocan city Manila metro 13/11/2016_ Relatives and friends during the funeral procession of Bely Joe A. Batingal, 20, killed by gunshots by a group of vigilantes on the morning of November 6, 2016, on suspicion of being linked to drug-related crimes.

Quezon city Manila Metro 08/10/2016_ The police begins the surveys around the corpse of alleged pusher Jesus Jonas, who was killed by the police during a buy-bust in the west-riverside Del Monte area. The man, as stated by the police, was one of a dealers of Quezon city. During the operation, there was a gunfire between the man and the officers, which led to the death of the pusher. No police officer was injured. On the man were found several doses of Shaboo ready for sale, in addition to the firearm he has used for the shooting.

Edgar Matobato, a confessed murderer who claims to be a former member of the Davao Death Squad or "DDS", a group of vigilantes who had the task of killing suspect criminals, at the time when President Rodrigo Duterte was Davao's mayor.

Arayat province of Pampanga 23/09/2016_ A military guard in front of a Shaboo laboratory found by the police and army during an operation. The laboratory, set up and run by Chinese criminals, could produce up to one hundred kgs of drugs a day and was one of the most technological ever found in the Philippines (data released by the police).

Quezon city Manila Metro 02/10/2016_ In the police station of Masambong, officers interrogate two people of the twenty arrested during an anti-drug operation. On the table there are plastic bags containing Shaboo, scales, various items for packaging drugs, some doses already sorted and ready for sale, and other items for addicts. The twenty detainees were arrested in the area of Santa Cruz in Quezon City, Metro Manila.

Pansol, Quezon City, Metro Manila 21/09/2016 _Police photographing a man in "surrender" during anti-drug operation called "Oplan Tokhang". In this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him using a white-board with his personal details and then photographing him while holding the white-board in his hands. Then fingerprints are taken and the subject signs a statement of "surrender". It is estimated that nearly 115,000 people have "surrendered" in the month of July 2016.
834,487: total number of surrenderees in Project Tokhang, of which:
- 62,531 pushers
- 771,956 users (as of December 3, 2016).

Manila Metro 01/10/2016_Forty prisoners, suspect to be linked to crimes related to drugs, are being held in a cell of a few meters. Police did not release other statements about facts.

Manila Metro, prison of Pasay City 16/11/2016_ The prison in Pasay City is designed to accommodate one hundred prisoners in total. The detainees sleep huddled on the floor for lack of space. From early June to November 2016, the number of prisoners has risen by about nine times the maximum number. On 16/11/2016 it contained 911 detainees. * After visiting the second floor of the prison, on the way back I took this picture: some of the inmates covered their face, but they all agreed to be photographed.

Manila Metro 08/11/2016 DOH-TRC Bicutan Rehabilitation Center. A group of patients during one of the meetings held every morning inside the dormitories. Upon arrival, patients are monitored by others who are in therapy from a longer time and are ahead in the program. On 04/11/2016 the clinic housed 1,383 patients and is the largest of the 40 clinics in the country. It has a maximum capacity of 550 people. Many of them have come spontaneously out of fear of falling victim to vigilantes or police raids, others were accompanied by their families.
*I took this picture on my second visit at the rehabilitation center, I do not know the reason for the lowered head: the staff only told me that they were ready for one of the meetings that are held every morning.

Olongapo 14/11/2016_ Olongapo is a city of 220,000 inhabitants in the north of Manila. Since June, about 400 declared addicts have surrendered to the police, during operations called "Oplan TokHang" *. In the next months, part of them will be included in the coffins construction program: they will be taught the basics of woodworking and will be paid 5,000 Philippine pesos ($ 103) a month to build coffins, as part of the local government livelihood and rehabilitation program. The coffins and the complete funeral service are provided for the poorest families in the city, who are not able to afford the expenses. According to a statement by Mrs. Ellen Dabu, city councilor and project organizer, it is more expensive to give each family a funeral assistance of P5,000. So she found more productive to train and employ surrenderers from drugs to build the coffins.
The mayor warned surrenderers not to return to use drugs, as they may end up in the coffins they are producing.
*In this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him using a white-board with his personal details and then photographing him while holding the white-board in his hands. Then fingerprints are taken and the subject signs a statement of "surrender".

Manila metro 06/11/2016_ The corpse of a woman executed in the streets of Manila by unidentified assailants. She was hit by a total of eight shots fired by two people on board of a motorcycle, a very common tactic in the extra-judicial executions.

Metro Manila 22/09/2016_ A checkpoint in the streets of Manila. Checkpoints at night are numerous: the police, in addition to checking documents of vehicles and passengers, also performs searches if it believes that people are suspected to be in connection with drugs or other crimes. Although in most cases the checks are conducted in a peaceful manner, according to police statements there have been cases in which the use of force by security forces was necessary, leading even to the use of firearms.

Metro Manila 11/11/2016_ Unidentified man, killed by the police. The man was on a motorbike with another man, who managed to escape: the two had forced a checkpoint during the night.

Tondo Metro Manila 22/11/2016_ Panoramic night view of Tondo from Delpan Bridge. The photo was taken on November 22, during the finding of the corpse of Rene Desierto. The recognition done by the wife, Ivy Desierto, occurred several minutes after the finding. The body's head was wrapped in plastic and tied by duct tape, a sign was placed on the body with the words "drug user ako, huwag tularan": "I'm a drug pusher, do not tolerate me."

Pasay city Manila Metro 11/11/2016_ Onlookers during the finding of a corpse of Louie Aberilla, Benedicto Santos, killed with shots of gunfire by unidentified people. Benedicto Santos and Louie Aberilla were killed inside their house in Tramo Street, Barangay 99, Zone 14, Pasay City, by three men who arrived on a motorcycle. Rommel Hernandez, councilor of Barangay, said that Santos was a known drug dealer who had ignored requests to surrender to the authorities.

Quezon City Manila metro 13/11/2016_ The bodies of Charlie Lorenzo, aka Balugoy, and Telemacus Esmilla, killed during a buy-bust operation. The police said that after purchasing three sachets of Shaboo (methamphetamine), agents opened fire. Several sachets of drug and a 38 revolver were recovered by officers.

Metro Manila 23/09/2016_ An event for the commemoration and rejection of the martial law signed on September 23, 1972 by then President Ferdinand E. Marcos became a protest against the policy of war on drugs adopted by the new president Duterte. A crowd marched through the streets of the capital holding signs against extrajudicial executions and calling for an immediate end to this practice that has taken hold since Rodrigo Duterte has assumed the office of President of the Philippines.

Manila Port area 10/11/2016_ Family and friends watch the body of J. B., killed in his own home during a buy-bust operation. Along with him was also killed Mamatanto Pedro (in the picture, the body that is covered).

Pasay city Manila metro 09/11/2016_ Inside a morgue, a man takes pictures during the recognition of his son, killed by a blow to the head by unidentified people. The man, who declined to say his name, was looking for the son from several days.

Caloocan city Manila metro 13/11/2016_ Family and friends on the coffin of Edward D. Asne, 19, killed by gunshots by a group of vigilantes on the morning of November 6, 2016, on suspicion of being linked to drug-related crimes.

Manila Metro 01/10/2016 _Mai Lisa Erasga, 48, cries embracing her relatives after the death of her husband Rufino Jumaqui, 51, killed during a police operation. Rufino Jumaqui had used drugs, but had "surrendered" during an "Oplan Tokhang": in this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him. The family - Mai Lisa Erasga, 48, the son Jamil Jumaqui, 22 years old - and other witnesses have stated that at 9:00 p.m. the police visited the neighborhood in Pandacan, ordering people to stay at home. Later, they took Rufino and they brought him near the entrance of his house. The man was not in possession of weapons or drugs, and was shot dead by a blow to the head. Police have not released any declaration, they only said that the situation is under investigation.

Continue the slideshow for the entire set

Caloocan city Manila metro 08/11/2016_ M. Batingal, 18 years old and nine months pregnant, wife of Bely Joe A. Batingal, 20, killed by gunshots by a group of vigilantes on the morning of November 6, 2016, on suspicion of being linked to drug-related crimes.

Olongapo 14/11/2016_ Female security cell of the central police station. Of the twelve women inside the cell, seven were cases of women suspected of drug-related crimes.

Funeral procession of Jerold Ligalig, 32, a disabled boy killed with several gunshots from covered-face men near his home.

Manila metro 04/10/2016_ A slum area in Manila. Many of the police operations are carried out in poor areas of Metro Manila. In this area, a few days before a man was killed during a police operation.

Pasay city Manila metro 11/11/2016_ Judit Aberillia cries over the death of his brother Louie Aberilla, Benedicto Santos, killed with shots of gunfire by unidentified people. Benedicto Santos and Louie Aberilla were killed inside their house in Tramo Street, Barangay 99, Zone 14, Pasay City, by three men who arrived on a motorcycle. Rommel Hernandez, councilor of Barangay, said that Santos was a known drug dealer who had ignored requests to surrender to the authorities.

Tondo Manila Metro 03/10/2016_ A woman walking in the streets of Tondo. This area is largely made of shacks and is one of the poorest and densely populated of Manila Metro. Many people attend to the sorting of rubbish. Here the consumption and sale of drugs are high and, consequently, the area has been very subject to cases of summary justice by vigilante and anti-drug police operations.

Manila metro 06/11/2016_ Investigators take fingerprints from the corpse of a woman executed in the streets of Manila. She was hit by a total of eight shots fired by two people on board of a motorcycle, a very common tactic in the extra-judicial executions.

Caloocan Manila Metro 29/09/2016_ The corpse of a man killed by several shots of gunfire shot by the Police during an anti-drug operation. Three men were killed and three were arrested. The men were armed and some doses of Shaboo were found on the bodies. The Police did not give explanations on the course of events.

Koronadal 18/11/2016_ South Cotabato Provincial Jail, the women's section of the prison. Detainees gathered in the courtyard during the afternoon counts. About half of the eighty prisoners are accused of drug-related crimes. The spaces of the dorms are not large enough to accommodate all the inmates: a temporary dormitory in metal sheet and wood was built inside the courtyard, to host about forty of them.

Manila Metro, prison of Pasay City 16/11/2016 _ The prison in Pasay City is designed to accommodate one hundred prisoners in total. The detainees sleep huddled on the floor for lack of space. From early June to November 2016, the number of prisoners has risen by about nine times the maximum number. On 16/11/2016 it contained 911 detainees.

In the Philippines, the war on drugs by President Rodrigo Duterte has led to nearly 6,000 deaths and the number of inmates in prisons, in police detention cells or in rehabilitation centres is also on the rise: the high influx of people and has led to severe overcrowding.

After visiting the second floor of the prison, on the way back I took this picture: some of the inmates covered their face, but they all agreed to be photographed.

Koronadal 18/11/2016_ South Cotabato Provincial Jail: the prison yard during exercise hour. The prison is home to about 1,200 people, but the maximum capacity is 500.

St. Nino area South Cotabato. Police during an operation of the Project Tokhang. The police knocked at about 4,473,805 homes across the country (as of December 3, 2016).

San Miguel Binondo Manila Metro 21/09/2016_Ruth Jane Sombreo, 40 years. Her husband Cogie Sebastian was killed during a police operation in their own house. She went with her sister to the morgue to see the corpse of her husband, but, because of the non-payment for the return of remains, the owners of the morgue have denied the chance to see him. The woman lives in precarious economic conditions: the husband was the only source of income for her and their three children.

San Miguel Binondo Manila Metro 21/09/2016_ A girl washes a tank on the roadside. This area was heavily struck by summary executions by vigilantes and police operations. The zone is very poor and many people were involved in the sale of narcotics to raise money. The area is partly made up of slums and several times, according to what many residents say, police operations have involved people who had nothing to do with drug trafficking.

Sampaloc, Metro Manila 01/10/2016_ Men of the funeral service put the corpse of a man in the black sack. The man was executed by a group of vigilantes. The head was wrapped in plastic and sealed with brown tape, the arms blocked behind his back again with adhesive tape, and then the man was killed by a shot to the head. On the place was found a sign with the words ""tulák na ayaw, magpapigil, buhay ay itigil" which means "end the life of an unstoppable drug peddler". This is not the first time that the vigilantes use this way to execute their victims and launch their message.

Tondo, Manila Metro 24/09/2016_ The scene of a summary execution by unidentified assailants: the corpse of Nunoy C., killed by a shot in the neck. A witness awaits to talk to the police arrived on the scene. No sign was left, but the police said that it was a crime related to the drug world.

Pasay city Manila Metro 14/11/2016_ The corpse of a man victim of a summary execution is carried by the funeral service from the scene of the finding to the ambulance. Two men were found a few meters away from each other, both with hands tied with duct tape behind their back and the head wrapped in a plastic sheet, bound with packaging tape.

Koronadal South Cotabato 21/11/2016_ Investigators during the finding of a corpse. The body was found in a plastic bag hidden at the corner of a road, among some plants. The body, in an advanced state of decomposition, had hands and arms tied with a rope. According to the police, this is the first finding of its kind in Koronadal. Summary executions in South Cotabato province happen mainly in the city of General Santos.

Metro Manila 20/09/2016_ Security cell of station three of Talipapa. Fifty-seven prisoners, all linked to crimes related to drugs, are being held in a cell of four meters by five. (Official data released by the police in the morning of 9/20/2016)

Koronadal 20/11/2016_ The safety cell of the police station is home to about forty prisoners awaiting trial and about thirty of them are suspected of drug offenses. Some of them said they were detained in that cell since June/July 2016.

Manila metro 06/11/2016_ Outline traced by investigators around the body of a woman executed in the streets of Manila. She was hit by a total of eight shots fired by two people on board of a motorcycle, a very common tactic in the extra-judicial executions.

Caloocan Metro Manila 23/09/2016_ The wife and two children of Noel V.S., killed in an ambush by a group of vigilantes overnight 15/09/2016 on the outside of a mini-shop open 24-hours. Accused of being involved in affairs related to drugs, he was shot several times by masked men.

Pasay city Manila metro 09/11/2016_ Burial chamber of Eduardo Dimapilis: his wife, Marlett Pisinto, with one of their three children in front of her husband's coffin. Eduardo Dimapilis was found on November 8, 2016 with his head wrapped in plastic, sealed with packing tape, and hands tied with the same tape. The body had several wounds at the clavicle level. The family says that he was suspected of being a thief and that he had nothing to do with drugs.

Koronadal 18/11/2016_ South Cotabato Provincial Jail: a detainee stays in the cell destined to cases of people with mental health problems. The prison is home to about 1,200 people, but the maximum capacity is 500.

Santa Cruz 28/09/2016_ Prison of Santa Cruz: prisoners are searched one by one during a search inside the prison. The aim of the operation was to find illegal objects and drugs within the institute. The prison has 6 cells and is home to a total of 345 prisoners, including 34 women. During the operation only some prohibited items were found, including razor blades, shaving razors, matches and lighters - no dose of drugs or dangerous objects.

Manila Metro, prison of Pasay City 16/11/2016_ A detainee charged with crimes related to drugs is transferred from a security cell to the jail of Pasay. The prison in Pasay City is designed to accomodate one hundred prisoners in total. The detainees sleep huddled on the floor for lack of space. From early June to November 2016, the number of prisoners has risen by about nine times the maximum number. On 16/11/2016 it contained 911 detainees.

Arayat province of Pampanga 23/09/2016_ Interrogatory of a Chinese man arrested during an anti-drug operation conducted by the army and police, that led to the discovery of a shaboo "super-laboratory". The laboratory, set up and run by Chinese criminals could produce up to one hundred Kgs of drugs a day and was one of the most technological ever found in the Philippines (data released by the police).

Manila Metro 01/10/2016_ Police officers on the scene of the killing of Rufino Jumaqui, 51, shot dead during a police operation. Rufino Jumaqui had used drugs, but had "surrendered" during an "Oplan Tokhang": in this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him. The family - Mai Lisa Erasga, 48, the son Jamil Jumaqui, 22 years old - and other witnesses have stated that at 9:00 p.m. the police visited the neighborhood in Pandacan, ordering people to stay at home. Later, they took Rufino and they brought him near the entrance of his house. The man was not in possession of weapons or drugs, and was shot dead by a blow to the head. Police have not released any declaration, they only said that the situation is under investigation.

Metro Manila 21/09/2016_ Rudy De Chavez, seventy-seven years old, witnessed the murder of his son Virgilio De Chavez, fifty-five years old, committed on 11/09/2016 at 11.30 am. The man had gone out of the house to fix a water pipe, when a group of men gunned him with eight shots. Rudy says that it was the police, as they were all in uniforms. The family has not received any explanation from the authorities.

Caloocan city Tala cemetery Manila metro 13/11/2016_ Relatives and friends during the burial of Bely Joe A. Batingal, 20, killed by gunshots by a group of vigilantes on the morning of November 6, 2016, on suspicion of being linked to drug-related crimes.

Manila Port area 10/11/2016_ The body of Mamatanto Pedro is being prepared to be transported from Manila to the region of Mindanao, for burial. Mamatanto Pedro was killed in his own home during a buy-bust operation on the morning of November 10, 2016.

Manila Metro 09/11/2016_ A man and a boy eat on a cardboard in a street of Manila. These people do not have a home or other places to stay and they live in overcrowded areas. This is one of the contexts where the war on drugs is conducted.

Tondo Manila Metro 04/10/2016_ A child plays among the old buildings of Tondo. These buildings are often decrepit and on the roofs were raised shacks. These houses lack of water and for electricity people have to create their own connections to the main network. This area is one of the poorest and densely populated areas of Manila Metro.

Koronadal South Cotabato 21/11/2016_ A group of people attends the finding of a corpse. The body was found in a plastic bag hidden at the corner of a road, among some plants. The body, in an advanced state of decomposition, had hands and arms tied with a rope. According to the police, this is the first finding of its kind in Koronadal. Summary executions in South Cotabato province happen mainly in the city of General Santos.

St. Nino area South Cotabato_ Police during an operation of the Project Tokhang. The police knocked at about 4,473,805 homes across the country (as of December 3, 2016).

Tanauan City 30/09/2016_ Group prayer during a meeting to discuss rehabilitation programs for 1300 "surrenders" during anti-drug operation called "Oplan Tokhang"*. The meeting was attended by the mayor of the city, top officials of the police and about 900 of the 1,300 "surrenders". Among these, the most part were drug users and a lower number were drug dealers. Tanauan is an exception with regard to the war on drugs, given the low number of deaths from July 2016 to the present. Data speak of only five deaths against the hundreds of other cities.
*In this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him using a white-board with his personal details and then photographing him while holding the white-board in his hands. Then fingerprints are taken and the subject signs a statement of "surrender".

San Nicolas Bulacan province 22/09/2016_ A patient in a rehabilitation clinic in Bulacan Drug Rehabilitation Foundation Inc. The clinic is private and is home to more than a hundred patients. Since President Duterte started the war against drugs, requests for admissions raised significantly. The clinic founded by Dr. Ramirez does not receive government aid and charges apply.

Manila Metro 08/11/2016 DOH-TRC Bicutan Rehabilitation Center. A group of patients during sports and leisure activities organized inside the clinic. Upon arrival, patients are monitored by others who are in therapy from a longer time and are ahead in the program. On 04/11/2016 the clinic housed 1,383 patients and is the largest of the 40 clinics in the country. It has a maximum capacity of 550 people. Many of them have come spontaneously out of fear of falling victim to vigilantes or police raids, others were accompanied by their families.

Manila Metro 08/11/2016 DOH-TRC Bicutan Rehabilitation Center. A group of patients in punishment for violating the rules of the center. Patients are monitored by others who are in therapy from a longer time and are ahead in the program.

Manila Metro 01/10/2016_ Candle left on the place where Jumaqui Rufino, 51, was killed by the police during an anti-drug operation. Rufino Jumaqui had used drugs, but had "surrendered" during an "Oplan Tokhang": in this type of operation, the police moves around with a list of people in connection with the world of drugs (drug dealers and consumers) compiled through an informers' net, and house to house convinces them to "surrender." Once the subject is convinced, the police proceeds to file him. The family - Mai Lisa Erasga, 48, the son Jamil Jumaqui, 22 years old - and other witnesses have stated that at 9:00 p.m. the police visited the neighborhood in Pandacan, ordering people to stay at home. Later, they took Rufino and they brought him near the entrance of his house. The man was not in possession of weapons or drugs, and was shot dead by a blow to the head. Police have not released any declaration, they only said that the situation is under investigation.

Valenzuela Manila Metro 05/11/2016_ The body of Jomar Serrano, sought in Camanava region and killed during a shootout with the police. Another man named Boknoy was killed in the operation.

Caloocan city Manila metro 13/11/2016_ Relatives and friends over the coffin of Edward D.Asne, 19, killed by gunshots by a group of vigilantes on the morning of November 6, 2016, on suspicion of being linked to drug-related crimes.

Metro Manila 24/09/2016_ The nineteen year old son of J. C. was killed during a police operation together with a friend on 20/09/2016. This man now has no money to give a burial to his son and is waiting to collect the appropriate amount for the funeral.

Manila metro 06/11/2016_ Onlookers near the scene of a summary execution of a woman. Above them, a banner saying "Duterte Mayor of the Philippines - We love you!!!". The woman was hit by a total of eight shots fired by two people on board of a motorcycle, a very common tactic in the extra-judicial executions.

Pasay city Manila Metro 15/11/2016_ Onlookers during the finding of a corpse on a street. The body had the arms tied with duct tape behind its back and the head wrapped in a plastic sheet, bound with packaging tape.

Pasay city Manila Metro 01/10/2016 _ Crowd gathered close to the body of Michael Araja, 29, killed by four gunshots fired by vigilantes.
Witnesses said that at about 1:30 a.m. a motorcycle with two people on board approached the man while he was buying a soda. The rear passenger pulled a gun and exploded four shots. The man was using drugs, but he was known to the whole neighborhood and considered by everybody a good person, whom had never committed any crime. The man was killed by vigilantes for being a drug user.

Tondo Metro Manila 22/11/2016_ Ivy Desierto during the recognition of her husband Rene Desierto, found with his head wrapped in plastic and tied with packing tape on Delpan Bridge. A sign on his body said "drug user ako, huwag tularan": "I'm a drug pusher, do not tolerate me." Rene Desierto had been seen alive on November 20, the family had looked for him in morgues and police stations.

Manila Metro 07/10/2016_The corpse of Alfredo Padilla, killed by multiple gunshots, is being brought inside the morgue. He was shot dead while walking in the evening with his wife Marisel Aguilar on Roxas Blvd. She said that they were both drug users and it is thought that their murderers are probably vigilantes, who from July have started to execute drug dealers and addicts. The woman said she was "spared" by the killers.

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https://www.albertomaretti.com/war_on_drugs_in_the_philippines_2016_2017_2018_gallery_under_construction-r8053

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